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Indoor and Built Environment, Vol. 3, No. 6, 353-359 (1994)
DOI: 10.1177/1420326X9400300609

Cotinine Elimination and Its Use as a Biomarker in Young Children Involuntarily Exposed to Environmental Tobacco Smoke

Albert M. Collier

School of Medicine, Center for Environmental Medicine and Lung Biology

George M. Goldstein

US Environmental Protection Agency

Robert P. Shrewsbury

School of Pharmacy

Sonia M. Davis

Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, N.C.

Gary G. Koch

Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, N.C.

Chuan-An Zhang

School of Medicine

Neal L. Benowitz

Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, Calif., USA

Joellen Lewtas

US Environmental Protection Agency

Ron W Williams

Environmental Health Research and Testing Research, Triangle Park, N.C.

Quantitative relationships between urinary cotinine excretion and environ mental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in young children have not been deter mined. The objectives of this research were to: (1) determine the cotinine t 1/2 in young children up to 3 years of age using urinary cotinine excretion data and (2) establish correlations between urinary cotinine excretion and ETS expo sure in young children. In 44 young children involuntarily exposed to ETS at home, urinary cotinine excretion data were collected for 6 days out of the home, and the cotinine t1/2 was determined. The median cotinine t1/2 was 54.7 h, and 50% of the t1/2 values were between 38.2 and 85.6 h. Air nicotine concen trations in the home were used to measure ETS exposure. The best predictor of home air nicotine concentration was a model with sex and the zero time creat inine corrected urinary cotinine concentration (R2 = 0.23).

Key Words: Environmental tobacco smoke • Children • Cotinine • Elimination


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